Pharmacology Proctored Exam Summer Class 2024

Here is a Pharmacology proctored exam that we did and passed with an A! The questions and answers can assist you when preparing for a Pharmacology proctored exam final or a quiz. Let us guide you through the process and provide the pharmacology proctored exam help you need to excel.

Question 1: A male client is taking cimetidine. Which adverse effect is more likely to occur with cimetidine than with other histamine2 receptor antagonists?

• Answer: C. Gynecomastia

Question 2: The nurse is teaching a client being discharged with a prescription for senna. The nurse should caution the client about what potential adverse effect?

• Answer: B. Abdominal cramping

Question 3: The nurse has been providing care for a 10-year-old child who receives daily injections of somatotropin to treat growth hormone deficiency. Which assessment finding will the nurse attribute to this medication?

• Answer: C. Blood glucose levels 225 mg/dL

Question 4: A client prescribed levothyroxine asks the nurse to explain when the medication should be taken. Which would the nurse include in the response?

• Answer: D. In the morning on an empty stomach

Question 5: A patient is prescribed liquid iodine solution as adjunct treatment for hyperthyroidism. What is an important teaching point to include for this patient?

• Answer: B. “You should use a straw to take this medication to avoid staining of the teeth.”

Question 6: The use of desmopressin would be contraindicated in a patient with which of the following conditions?

• Answer: B. Renal failure

Question 8: In addition to blood glucose levels, which electrolyte needs to be closely monitored while patients are on insulin therapy?

• Answer: A. Potassium

Question 10: A female client asks the nurse why her 4-year-old son is not receiving glucocorticoids, such as prednisone. The client read in an article that they are more effective to prevent transplant rejection than the medication that is currently prescribed. What is the appropriate response by the nurse?

• Answer: D. Glucocorticoids impair growth in children

Question 11: Which electrolyte level should be closely monitored while a patient is taking fludrocortisone?

• Answer: B. Potassium

Question 12: Which oral diabetes agent is often used as first-line management for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus?

• Answer: D. Metformin

Question 13: A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with Addison’s disease. The nurse anticipates that the patient’s medication record will include which drug?

• Answer: D. Fludrocortisone

Question 14: Development of which of the following symptoms while a patient is on metformin therapy would likely make the provider discontinue treatment of this drug?

• Answer: B. Hyperventilation

Question 15: Which of the following drugs comes with a boxed warning for thyroid C-cell tumors?

• Answer: D. Liraglutide

Question 16: Insulin should be used cautiously due to possible masked symptoms of hypoglycemia when taken with which class of medications?

• Answer: A. Beta blockers

Question 17: Which anti-nausea medication should avoid being taken with warfarin or hormonal contraceptives?

• Answer: A. Aprepitant

Question 18: A patient is taking strong iodine solution to help treat their diagnosed hyperthyroidism. While on iodine therapy, the nurse would educate the patient to avoid eating which of the following foods?

• Answer: D. Seafood, including cod, shrimp, and tuna

Question 19: A client is diagnosed with peptic ulcer due to H. pylori. The nurse would anticipate administering which agent in conjunction with an antibiotic?

• Answer: C. Omeprazole

Question 20: A patient is taking morphine q4h for post-operative pain management. The patient has been complaining of constipation and states that they have not had a bowel movement in 5 days. The nurse anticipates that the patient will be prescribed which of the following medications?

• Answer: D. Methylnaltrexone bromide

Question 21: A client who has suffered a myocardial infarction is prescribed a laxative to help prevent straining during defecation. Which medication would the nurse expect to administer?

• Answer: C. Docusate

Question 22: A nurse is to administer 60 mg of furosemide (Lasix) to a client with congestive heart failure (CHF). The vial contains 40 mg/mL. Which is the correct dose (mL) to administer? Do not round. Enter only the number.

• Answer: 1.5

Question 23: A client who takes calcitonin salmon for the treatment of Paget’s disease calls the clinic and reports flushing of the face and hands and a rash. What is the nurse’s best response?

• Answer: C. “This is a common adverse effect of your medication. Let us know if it doesn’t resolve.”

Question 24: A patient prescribed sitagliptin for management of diabetes should be educated on which of the following?

• Answer: B. “This drug is taken in addition to working on improving diet and exercise to help manage your type 2 diabetes.”

Question 25: The nurse is preparing to administer levothyroxine to a client. Which assessment finding would cause the nurse to hold the medication?

• Answer: D. Heart rate of 114 beats per minute

Question 26: A nurse is organizing the care of a child who takes somatropin. The desired outcome the nurse should prioritize in the planning of this child’s care is that the client will:

• Answer: A. Demonstrate an increase in growth

Question 27: The nurse anticipates that a patient diagnosed with acromegaly will be prescribed which medication?

• Answer: C. Bromocriptine mesylate

Question 28: Acarbose should not be given to a patient who has type 2 diabetes in addition to which condition?

• Answer: C. Cirrhosis

Question 29: 2 g in 500 mL ampicillin to infuse over 4 hours. Drip factor 17 gtt/mL. What is the flow rate in gtt/min? Round to the nearest whole number.

To find the flow rate in drops per minute (gtt/min), we use the formula

Given:

• Total volume = 500 mL
• Time = 4 hours = 4 × 60 minutes = 240 minutes
• Drop factor = 17 gtt/mL

Flow rate (gtt/min)=(500 mL240 min)×17 gtt/mL=35.42≈35 gtt/min\text{Flow rate (gtt/min)} = \left( \frac{500 \text{ mL}}{240 \text{ min}} \right) \times 17 \text{ gtt/mL} = 35.42 \approx 35 \text{ gtt/min}Flow rate (gtt/min)=(240 min500 mL​)×17 gtt/mL=35.42≈35 gtt/min

• Answer: 35

Question 30: A patient is prescribed prochlorperazine. The nurse would teach the patient about which possible adverse effects? Select all that apply.

• Answer: B. Photophobia
• Answer: C. Extrapyramidal symptoms
• Answer: D. Jaundice

Question 31: The nurse would anticipate that a patient diagnosed with IBS with severe diarrhea would likely be started on which medication to help slow motility and GI secretions?

• Answer: D. Loperamide

Question 32: The 59-year-old client who has been diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease is started on sucralfate. What is an appropriate nursing concern related to this medication?

• Answer: D. Risk for constipation

Question 33: A nurse is overseeing the care of a young man whose ulcerative colitis is being treated with oral prednisone. Which action should the nurse take in order to minimize the potential for risks associated with prednisone treatment?

• Answer: B. Carefully assess the client for infections

Question 34: Which of the following drugs used to treat Paget’s disease can also be used as emergency hypercalcemia treatment?

• Answer: A. Calcitonin

Question 35: Which of the following medications is an antacid that can cause rebound acidity with frequent use?

• Answer: A. Sodium bicarbonate

Question 36: If not used to treat precocious puberty, what is another indication why a patient may be taking leuprolide?

• Answer: D. Prostate cancer

Question 37: An adult client has been prescribed oral prednisone for the treatment of an acute dermatological condition. When teaching this client about this course of treatment, what teaching point should the nurse emphasize?

• Answer: D. The importance of gradually reducing rather than abruptly stopping the drug

Question 38: The nurse is caring for a patient with diabetes insipidus (DI). The nurse would anticipate seeing which drug listed on her medication record?

• Answer: A. Desmopressin

Question 39: A patient presents to the emergency department with a blood glucose level of 567 mg/dL. The patient is diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The nurse anticipates that which type of insulin will be given IV to help decrease the blood glucose levels?

• Answer: D. Regular

Question 40: What is an important teaching point for a patient taking calcitriol for hypocalcemia?

• Answer: B. “Do not abruptly stop taking this medication.”

Question 41: A patient taking metoclopramide should be educated about which boxed warning associated with this medication?

• Answer: A. Tardive dyskinesia

Question 42: What is a common adverse effect of repaglinide?

• Answer: D. Headache

Question 43: The nurse is teaching a patient taking alendronate about long-term use of the drug. What should the nurse include in this teaching?

• Answer: C. “Long-term use of the drug can increase your risk of femoral fractures.”

Question 44: A client is prescribed calcitriol. Which instruction would be most important for the nurse to include in the teaching plan?

• Answer: D. “Have your calcium levels checked periodically.”

Question 45: The nurse is caring for a client who is taking insulin. The nurse suspects the client is experiencing hypoglycemia when the client displays what signs?

• Answer: B. Weakness, sweating, and confusion

Question 46: A patient has insulin lispro ordered TID before meals. What is an important nursing intervention prior to insulin administration?

• Answer: D. Check a blood glucose level

Question 47: A nurse is providing education to a client who will soon begin taking levothyroxine for the first time. Which teaching point should the nurse include in this education session?

• Answer: D. “You’ll most likely take this drug for the rest of your life.”

Question 48: Which antidiabetic agent is used in patients with insulin-dependent type 1 or type 2 diabetes to help regulate gastric emptying and appetite?

• Answer: D. Pramlintide

Question 49: The nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with osteoporosis and who has been prescribed alendronate. What assessment should the nurse prioritize when monitoring for adverse effects?

• Answer: B. Monitoring the client for signs of esophageal erosion

Question 50: A nurse is assigned to administer glargine to a patient at a health care facility. What precaution should the nurse take when administering glargine?

• Answer: C. Avoid mixing glargine with other insulin

Question 51: A nurse is preparing to administer loperamide to a client with pseudomembranous colitis. Which findings on assessment would the nurse document as an indication of effectiveness?

• Answer: C. Diarrhea is resolved

Question 52: Due to the possible adverse effects of weight gain and edema secondary to fluid retention, pioglitazone should not be given to a patient with which of the following conditions?

• Answer: A. Heart failure

Question 53: The nurse is caring for a female client who has been recently prescribed misoprostol. What change in the client’s health status should the nurse communicate most promptly to the primary health care provider?

• Answer: C. The client believes they might be pregnant

Question 54: The nurse would determine that methimazole treatment has been effective if the patient has which of the following findings?

• Answer: B. Heart rate 85 bpm

Question 55: The nurse develops a discharge teaching plan for a client who has been prescribed pancrelipase. What education should the nurse provide regarding the administration of the drug?

• Answer: D. Take the enzymes with food

Question 56: The nurse has administered a prescribed dose of intravenous (IV) ondansetron to a client. What assessment finding best indicates therapeutic effect?

• Answer: D. The client reports relief from nausea

Question 57: Magnesium citrate would be contraindicated in a patient with which of the following conditions?

• Answer: A. Heart failure

Question 58: A patient was recently started on prednisone therapy. Which patient statement reflects the possible adverse effects of this drug?

• Answer: D. “I have gained 8 lbs over the past 2 weeks since I started taking this drug.”

Question 59: Patients who are taking canagliflozin are at an increased risk of which of the following?

• Answer: C. UTIs and genital fungal infections

Question 60: A client is brought to the emergency department with hypoglycemia blood glucose level of 19 mg/dL. Which drug should the nurse prepare to administer?

• Answer: B. Glucagon

Question 61: What assessment finding would indicate to the nurse that the prescribed desmopressin is working?

• Answer: A. A decrease in urine output

Question 62: A client with constipation is prescribed psyllium. The client asks the nurse how the client should take the medication. What is the nurse’s best response?

• Answer: B. “Take this medication with 8 ounces of water.”

Question 64: An 11-year-old boy with type 1 diabetes taking somatropin would need to be provided with which teaching point?

• Answer: B. “You will need to closely monitor blood sugar levels as this drug can cause hyperglycemia or insulin resistance.”

Question 65: A nurse is preparing to administer albuterol syrup 1.6 mg PO tid. Available is albuterol 2 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose?

To find the volume in mL to administer, use the formula:

Volume=(Dose orderedDose available)×Volume available\text{Volume} = \left( \frac{\text{Dose ordered}}{\text{Dose available}} \right) \times \text{Volume available}Volume=(Dose availableDose ordered​)×Volume available

Plugging in the values:

Volume=(1.6 mg2 mg)×5 mL\text{Volume} = \left( \frac{1.6 \text{ mg}}{2 \text{ mg}} \right) \times 5 \text{ mL}Volume=(2 mg1.6 mg​)×5 mL

Volume=(0.8)×5 mL\text{Volume} = \left( 0.8 \right) \times 5 \text{ mL}Volume=(0.8)×5 mL

Volume=4 mL\text{Volume} = 4 \text{ mL}Volume=4 mL

The nurse should administer 4 mL per dose.